| LIBROS | ||
|---|---|---|
| Nombre | Editorial | Autor |
| ARTICULOS | ||
| Artículo | Descripción | Fuente |
| 1. A breakthrough in bleaching: More and more, ozone is proving to be an attractive option | More and more, ozone is proving to be an attractive option for mills looking for a "green bleaching" technology | Pulp and Paper International (PPI) Nº: 5408 Fecha: Agosto 2012 |
| 2. Water clarification is crucial to deinked pulp quality | Sin descripción | Serie de artículos "UP & Running" de Metso Nº: 1 Fecha: 31/10/12 |
| 3. Need for efficient kraft chemical recovery boilers to generate green power | Initially, the kraft chemical recovery boiler was an essential part of the pulp production process as it recovers and regenerates cooking liquors. With the rising energy costs and the security of supplying the future are causing the paper industry to re-think their overall energy strategy. In the past, the value of surplus energy was marginal compared to the price of pulp, but today paper mills are actively seeking process solutions that can help them generate s surplus of "green energy" that can substitute energy rom grid power and purchased fossil fuels, which saves revenue. Critical to this energy self-sufficiency is a recovery plant capable of maximising the production of thermal energy while also efficiently recovering chemicals for the fiber line. The need of the hour is to have a recovery boiler that not only recovers chemicals and generates power efficiently, but also does this in a safe, reliable, and environmentally sound process. At ITC PSPD, Unit:Bhadrachalam, two old recovery boilers are replaced with to state-of-the-art chemical recovery boilers which also augment green energy. | IPPTA - The official jounal of the Indian Pulp and Paper Technical Association Nº: 2404 Fecha: Octubre 2012 |
| 4. Installation and operating experience of 12 pulse AC/DC converter fed AC drives in recovery boiler | In this paper, the Installation and operating experience of Recovery Boiler drive power supply system and ID fan drive input current Harmonics in the 12-Pulse AC/DC converter fed AC Drives was studied. The 12-pulse A-Y type AC/DC converter will keep a balanced voltage with 30º phase shifted at the low coupling coefficient condition. Different converter arrangements for 12-pulse-based rectification are also studied and a novel harmonic mitigator capable of suppressing fifth and seventh harmonics in the supply current is presented. Finally Recovery boiler ID fan 585kW, 690V, 12-pulse AC Drive Harmonic´s measurement was presented. | IPPTA - The official jounal of the Indian Pulp and Paper Technical Association Nº: 2404 Fecha: Octubre 2012 |
| 5. Modified conventional causticizing (MCC) - A step towards cost reduction | Paper industry in India is a century old industry. The industry has seen many ups and downs with economic, environmental and energy issues. The industry is now strongly facing global competition and hurdling with lack of funds to adopt advanced technologies. In this competitive world cost reduction is a major challenge before the industry for it´s survival. The cost of production is affected by two major factors i.e. internal and external. External factors are governed by the others while internal factors i.e. plant efficiency and energy consumption are in the control of industry itself. The internal action can be taken by adoption of new technologies which few of the paper mills already adopted. However most of the mills are still at cross roads due to their inability to adopt these modern technologies due low scale of operation and high capital investmemt. For techno-economical reasons, these mills have to think towards indigenously low cost system to minimize the cost of production. In most of the paper mills, causticizing is a gray area due to high investment and hence becomes the limiting factor for capacity enhancement. The objective of this study was to mix green liquor with final white liquor to increase the production of white liquor at lower cost. The effect of green liquor charge and method to mix it with white liquor have been studied using a rule of proportionate mixing concerning concentration of hydroxyl ion, sulphides and carbonates. | IPPTA - The official jounal of the Indian Pulp and Paper Technical Association Nº: 2404 Fecha: Octubre 2012 |
| 6. Innovations & process development for efficient operation of chemical recovery system in paper industry | The Indian Paper Industry utilizes diversified ligne-cellulosic raw materials viz., woody and agro residue based requiring different process conditions during pulping. Due to the inherent nature of these raw materials black liquor resultant from the pulp mill is characterized by poor thermal properties & abnormally higher viscosities besides the presence of higher contents of non-process elements viz. Silica, Potassium & chlorides etc which has a strong bearing on the operation of chemical recovery system. CPPRI with its long experience on working with these black liquors carried out extensive research work and developed various innovative process & technologies to overcome the problems being faced by the Indian paper industry which has resulted in the improved efficiency of chemical recovery system. The present paper describes the dedicated research & development efforts of CPPRI in hte last more than two decades which has emerged in the form of development of various process technologies viz. Desilication of Silica rich black liquor, Thermal treatment of bagasse black liquor and removal of potassium & chlorides (Non-process elements) etc. These innovative technologies have been upscaled on the pilot scale and being commercialized for improved efficiency of chemical recovery system. | IPPTA - The official jounal of the Indian Pulp and Paper Technical Association Nº: 2404 Fecha: Octubre 2012 |
| 7. Challenges in agro based chemical recovery to improve its overall performance | The prime purpose of Soda Recovery Boiler is to recover chemicals and heat from the black liquor, efficient generation of steam and electrical power from the fuel values of the black liquor. Recovery operation consists of concentrating the weak black liquor for firing in the Recovery Boiler & to produce white liquor which is returned to the Pulp Mill for cooking. Overall purpose is to have maximum caustic recovery with minimum wastages, minimum conversion cost & meeting all the environmental norms. The present study describes the recovery of caustic from black liquor generated out of Baggase/Wheat straw cooking and the challenges/problems associated with the use of Baggase/Wheat straw WBL as raw material for the Chemical recovery plant. Paper describes the counter measures were taken to efficiently run the recovery plant to meet the pulp mill requirement with minimum make up & conversion cost & unique practices being followed in the Recovery Operations to overcome these difficulties. The practical difficulties faced on account of high silica along with a host of non process elements (NPEs) & low GCV of Baggase/Straw WBL. Major challenges in agro-based chemical recovery are overall recovery efficiency drop, low concentration of black liquor from evaporator, steam economy, steam generation, ESP breakdowns, high lime consumption in causticizing, scaling, deposition at heat transfer surfaces, high moisture inside the ESP, improper combustions etc. | IPPTA - The official jounal of the Indian Pulp and Paper Technical Association Nº: 2404 Fecha: Octubre 2012 |
| 8. "Lignosulfonates" is a valuable product from the black liquor | "Alkaline Sulfite cooking of wood-chips/bamboo/wheat straw/baggase/sarkanda etc can produce the most valuable Product called "LIGNOSULFONATE" from the black-liquor, whic is used to make admixture for cement-concrete, used in oil-drilling, as coal-dust binder to make smokless fuel and many other" | IPPTA - The official jounal of the Indian Pulp and Paper Technical Association Nº: 2404 Fecha: Octubre 2012 |
| 9. Removal of chlorides from ESP ASH by treating with sulphuric acid | The presence of 40% to 50% inorganic material in black liquor being fired to a recovery boiler forms low melting temperature ash or smelt after combustion. As a result of burning black liquor, fly ash deposits on tube surfaces in the upper furnace. These deposits grow and eventually resctrict flue gas flow if they are not occasionally removed from the tube surfaces by soot blowers. Massive deposit accumulation will lower the heat transfer efficiency of the boiler. Deposits can form a localized corrosive environment, possible resulting in tube damage. Various methods have been proposed in the past to remove chloride and potassium from the liquor cycle which have been responsible for such deposits. The common practice is to purge precipitator dust, because it is enriched in both Cl and K. Chlorides can be removed by re-crystallization and by leaching precipitator dust. Increasing liquor sulfidity also helps remove chloride from the system. In this paper we experimentally evaluated the removal of chloride from the ESP ash by treating with sulphuric acid as HCl which can be collected and reused, unlike other methods which necessitate purging of chloride rich effluent. | IPPTA - The official jounal of the Indian Pulp and Paper Technical Association Nº: 2404 Fecha: Octubre 2012 |
| 10. Chemical recovery - Cost effective and efficient operation in WCPM limited | The four major operations done in chemical recovery operation are Evaportation of black liquor, firing the concentrated black liquor to extract the chemical in recovery boiler, preparation of cooking white liquor and lime mud reburning in rotary lime kiln. The main objectives of the recovery process are to recover the chemical used in cooking of wood and to beneficially recover the thermal energy from conbustion of the organics. The present paper describes the efficient performance of west coast paper mill recovery operation w.r.t. Environment and Economics. The latest technologically updated Multiple Effect evaporator main features viz burkeite crystallization, sweetening, condensate segregation and efficient operation of recovery boiler and Electro Static Precipitator along with trouble shooting activities are discussed. The major achievement, which owes to West Cost paper Mill is attaining of highest recovery efficiency among the integrated pulp and paper industries in India. One of the first initiations to the credit of W.C.P.M. is installation of X-filter, wich produces very clear green liquor as compared to conventional clarifiers. All these new features with their operation and advantages are covered in detail. The effect of non-process elements and the chemicals used in recovery operation are highlighted. The paper describes the counter steps taken for efficient black liquor management and to improve steam generation and steam economy. The paper is supported with black liquor properties, trend charts and diagrams of unique features. The concluding part includes the future vision of recovery operation w.r.t.evaporator, causticiser and boiler ESP capacity management and at the same time to make efforts to contribute in maintaining eco friendly green environment. | IPPTA - The official jounal of the Indian Pulp and Paper Technical Association Nº: 2404 Fecha: Octubre 2012 |
| 11. Blanqueo de celulosa de eucalipto, por Xylem | Sin descripción | El Papel Nº: 168 Fecha: Agosto 2012 |
| 12. New developments in online pulp quality measurements | With developments in imaging technology, new and improved measurements are now available that permit the previously tedious laboratory analysis of fiber morphology to be performed with precision, automatically and online. While online fiber length and shive analysis are well established, the new image based measurement of the Metso Pulp Analyzer (Metso MAP) analuzer also allows for measuring other characteristics of the fiber such as width, curliness, kinks and amount of fine elements. Hardwood/softwood blend ratio, optical coarseness, external fibrillation, number of vessel cell elements or other particles and amount of detached fibrils can also be measured. | IPPTA - The official jounal of the Indian Pulp and Paper Technical Association Nº: 2501 Fecha: Enero 2013 |
| 13. Advantages of fluidized bed calciner over lime kiln in indian pulp mill context | With increasing demand for paper and paperboard, paper mills have embarked on expansion plans. As per pollution control norms the expansion plans need to include increase in capacity in Chemical Recovery area for processing the black liquor and lime mud. In this paper the focus is on the liem mud re-burning system taht is currently employed in The Indian pulp mills, namely lime kilns. This technology has high installed and operating costs even for large pullp mills. The authors are proposing a Fluidized Bed Calciner as a cost effective and viable alternative for lime kiln. The major advantage of this technology is that even small and medium pulp mills can avail of this system as the installed and operating cost are significantly lower than that of lime kiln. The technology does not suffer from the disadvantages of silica in the lime mud that plagues lime kiln operation. With fewer moving and rotating parts this system reduces the downtime significantly. Along with comparison of this technology with lime kiln, the paper addresses the mass and energy balances for a typical system, its economics and the impact of 100% alternative fuel for its operation. | IPPTA - The official jounal of the Indian Pulp and Paper Technical Association Nº: 2501 Fecha: Enero 2013 |
| 14. Journey of best practices adopted towards excellence in super batch cooking & ECF fiber line at WCPM | New-Gen Fiberline with ECG bleaching sequence: West Coast Paper Mills, Dandeli has recently expanded its pulp and paper capacity. The company´s investment in a brand new 725 TPD Metso fiber-line, replacing the old unitwith ecofriendly elemental chlorinefree (ECF) bleaching process has enabled to produce consistent quality of high-bright and hi-strength pulp with improved clealiness & with least pollution load. The high degree of bleaching has also improved the optical properties of paper. Metso has supplied state of art technology for the new 260,000 TPA (725 oven-dry tonnes per day) bleached hardwood pulp mill. The line consists of four Super Batch digesters, knotting, screening, washing by Twin Rool presses, oxygen delignification, ECF bleaching, and an oxidized white liquor plant. The mill also installed a 1,100 TPD chemical recovery plant, a high-efficiency electrostatic precipitator with a sophisticated causticizing plant, a rotary lime kiln, 11 TPD chlorine dioxide plant and the necessary effluent treatment systems. The company´s prudent investment in modernizng the pulp mill and chemical recovery plant have resulted in overall operational efficiency with improvement in quality parameters at reduced operational cost. This was made possible through enhanced economies of operating scale and the reduction in consumption of utilities like water, steam & power and the process chemicals. This paper describes the journey of the best practices in new generation fiber line at WCPM to reap the full benefits of the investment. It starts from the raw material end to Bleaching section. Specie wise Separates cooking, improvement in cooking cycle, increasing screening rate, reduction in screening reject, commissioning of on line Kappa analyzer and its control for controlling bleaching chemicals are the best practices implemented. Continual improvement is the vision of WCPM and it is the key to the success of all achievements done so far. It concludes with future action plan for increasing productivity and quality. | IPPTA - The official jounal of the Indian Pulp and Paper Technical Association Nº: 2501 Fecha: Enero 2013 |
| 15. Utilization of tropical mixed hard wood pin chips for kraft pulping | In the present investigation, a judicious effort is done to explore the possibility to re-use pin chips for making bleach grade pulp. Te most commonly used hard woods are Eucalyptus, Acacia, Casuarina and Subabul etc. In the background of this, the present work on hard wood pin chips pulpingwas taken to augment the present and projected raw material shortages. Pin chips arer separated from chipper dust and cooked with varying dose of active alkali, followed by ECF bleaching sequence. In pulping, variation of active alkali (as Na2O), bath ratio, cooking temperature and cooking time was closely monitored. Bleaching was done with different doses of Clo2 in Dht and D1 stage and H2O2 in Ep stage. In pulping experiment, kappa number target of 18 to 20 was fixed and same pulp after initial optimization in pulping was considered for bleaching. In bleaching, the target brightness of the pulp was fixed at around 89 to 90% and same could be achieved. | IPPTA - The official jounal of the Indian Pulp and Paper Technical Association Nº: 2501 Fecha: Enero 2013 |
| 16. A new HERB (High Energy Recovery Boiler) in Asia | Recovery Boiler is always referred as the heart of any pulp mill and is the critical component in the closed loop producing energy alongside recovering cooking chemicals. As long as the heart sustains well, other systems excel. Today the mills, constrained with rising energy cost and security of supply strive to maximize "green energy" to substitute fossil fuel and attain self-sufficiency. ANDRITZ has the solution in their product High Energy Recovery Boiler, HERB in short. A new HERB was commissioned in 2011 at Chenming Pulp and Paper Mill at Zhanjiang, Guangdong Province in China. This boiler is among the world´s largest at 4500 TDS/day of Black Liquor. The boiler is designed to fire black liquor at 80% Dry Solids to maximize steam output. The boiler generates 670 t/h of steam at 86 bar and 480ºC. This high end steam parameters have been made possible by integrating Chlorine Removal System (ARCtm) into evaporation plant. This prevents potential corrosion of boiler pressure parts, especially at the hottest superheaters. Recovery Boilers contribute to improved environmental performance of the mill and Chenming Recovery Boiler is exception. The boiler is equipped with systems to incinerate Concentrated Non-Condensable gases (CNCG) and Dilute Non-condensable gases (DMCG) from the mill. Excellent engineering combined with quality workmanship during manufacturing and erection phase and methodological commissioning ensured smooth and on-time start-up and peak capacity was achieved in a very short time. The boiler continues to operate at the rated output guaranteeing mill´s overall performance. | IPPTA - The official jounal of the Indian Pulp and Paper Technical Association Nº: 2501 Fecha: Enero 2013 |
| 17. An exploration of some best practices for operating and maintaining the recovery boiler safely and efficiently and achieving higher availability | As India´s economy accelerates, so does the quest for energy to keep its growth humming. The contemporary industrial challenges, including booming demand for energy, heightened scrutiny of the environmental effects, and intensified business competition, are putting greater pressure on energy-intensive industries such as pulp & paper, to meet unprecedented challenges of the new age. The chemical recovery island plays a crucial role in the financial and business wellness of a paper mill. This role is today being acknoledged by Indian industry, and the contribution of the recovery boiler in the papermaking cycle is considered to be significant. With the current changes in the business dynamics, the paper mills are incorporating the environmental and safety concerns into every aspect of strategy and action. This paper explores some of the various practices that are globally in vogue for enhancing safety, efficiency, environment-friendliness and availability of a recovery boiler. Systems are practices such as bed smelt extraction system, auto-air-port rodding, usage of safety roof for maintainance, odor gas handling & incineration, advanced process control and advanced safety interlocks are addressed in the paper. | IPPTA - The official jounal of the Indian Pulp and Paper Technical Association Nº: 2501 Fecha: Enero 2013 |
| 18. Enhancement of pulp brightness and whiteness using TAED during bleaching | Studies have conducted with the use of TAED (Tetra Acetyle Ethylene Diamine) along with hydrogen peroxide to bleach the mixed hardwood bamboo pulp. Present paper describes the benefits of using TAED during oxygen delignification stage, after oxygen delignification and during oxidative extraction stage of pulp to improve the brightness and whiteness of mixed hardwood bamboob pulp. Used of TAED along with H2O2 in ODL stage improved pulp brightness by 4-9% and reduced ODL pulp kappa number by 43-54%. Brightness of final bleached pulp was increased by 1.5-1.7% and CIE whiteness was increased by 1.8-1.9 points. Use of TAED along with H2O2, after ODL stage results in significant improvement in pulp brightness i.e. 3-10% and reduction in kappa number by 8-1.9%. Final bleached pulp brightness was increased by 1.9-2.1% and CIE whiteness was increased by 2.2-2.4 points compared to control. Use of TAED in Eop stage significantly improved Eop pulp brigthness i.e. 2-3% and reduced kappa number to some extent. Final pulp brightness and whiteness of TAED treated pulp were improved by 1.1-1.8% and 1.8-2.0 units, respectively. With the use of TAED in Eop stage, chlorine dioxide dosage in D, stage was reduced by 3kg/TP with comparable brightness and improved whiteness of the pulp. | IPPTA - The official jounal of the Indian Pulp and Paper Technical Association Nº: 2501 Fecha: Enero 2013 |
| 20. Development of second order univariate regression model for estimating impact of blending softwood with hardwood and bamboo with hardwood pulps for improving the paper properties | The present research deals mainly with the physical and mechanical strength properties of pulp stock paper, viz tensile, tear, burst and density/bulk obtained by blending different proportions of hardwood with softwood and bamboo pulps. The 2nd order univariate polynomial regression models were developed by the least square technique using various results. The bleached short fibre mixed hardwood pulp (Eucalyptus tereticornis and Populus alba) was collected form Paper Mill A, imported softwood pulp Pinus roxburghi and bamboo pulp from Mill B. The initial ºSR of all the pulps was same 28. Various blends in the proportion of 100:0, 92:8, 88:12, 84;16, 80:20, 76:24, 72:28, in terms of percentage of hardwood with other pulp respectively were prepared and various pulp and paper propertires of the above blends have been determined using TAPPI standard procedure. Various results were analyzed and optimized with help of developed model and it is found out from the model, that the error is having 5% of level of significance. Various graphs show that strength properties are obtained out from from blend with SW-HW in ration 8:92, 12:88 are quite similar to blend with Bamboo-HW and it show that the bamboo is a siutable alternate of softwood for strength propertes. | IPPTA - The official jounal of the Indian Pulp and Paper Technical Association Nº: 2502 Fecha: Abril 2013 |
| 21. Evaluation of white rot fungi, trametes versicolor induced biodelignification in wood plant eucalyptus tereticornis | Biopulping offers an environment friendly alternative to remove lignin by treatment of lignocellulosic materials with white rot fungi. In the present study biological pre-treatment of Eucalyptus chips was carried out with a fungal species, Trametes versicolor. The influence of growth para meters like incubation period, moisture level, media, media dose, pH and temperature were also optimized. During the study it was found that whit rot fungi, Trametes versicolor shows 19.88% lignin loss within 21 days at optimum conditions i.e. pH (5.5), temperature (25ºC), moisture (60%) and molasses dose (4%). The fungal pre-treatment decreased the kappa number from 28.92 to 24.10 at 60 minutes optimum cooking time period with 3.41% reasonable yield loss from 46.50 to 43.09%. Thus, the study has provided an insight to find economically feasible conditions to reduce pollution load. | IPPTA - The official jounal of the Indian Pulp and Paper Technical Association Nº: 2502 Fecha: Abril 2013 |
| 22. Observaciones y datos experimentales sobre la determinación de celulosa en madera según Seifert | Sin descripción | El Papel Nº: 174 Fecha: Septiembre 2013 |
| 23. Improvement in pulp dewatering through cellulases | Enzymatic processes provide a natural solution for various problems encountered in the papermaking process. Studies have shown that a judicious choice of the enzyme component, its dosage, point of addition and the duration of treatment can help to achieve significant freeness increase, while avoiding degradation to the fibres. Cellulases have been studied for improved paper recycling since the 1980s. Secondary pulp contains great amount of fines having high relative surface area, therefore these fibers adsorb water to large extent. This effect of fines is enhanced by microfibrils and colloidal layer located on the surface. Thus dewatering rate on wire section is lower compared to virgin pulp. The result is considerably decreased productivity of the paper making process compared to operation using virgin pulp. Productivity of paper processing can be signifcantly increased through improvement of pulp drainage. This paper covers the understanding whether the effectiveness or strength loss depends on a specific type (EG or CBH) of enzyme activity. Interestingly, in the experiments carried out, the increased solubilization of amorphous cellulose mediated by endoglucanase treatments consequently improved drainability. | IPPTA - The official jounal of the Indian Pulp and Paper Technical Association Nº: 2503 Fecha: Julio 2013 |
| 24. Tecnología enzimática para el proceso de refinación de la fibra de celulosa | Sertec20 es espcialista en productos químicos para la industria papelera. Después de veinte años de existencia, una de sus especialidades más importantes son las enzimas para refino, que comercializa desde su sede en Barcelona y su filial en Brasil. En este artículo, Sertec20 nos ofrece un estudio detallado sobre la modificación físico-estructural de la fibra de celulosa en el proceso de refinación. La enzima desarrollada por Sertec20 está diseñada para optimizar y aumentar el rendimiento del refino, utilizando menos energía y manteniendo las principales propiedades de la fibra en su orígen. | El Papel Nº: 176 Fecha: Diciembre 2013 |
| 25. Polysulfide cooking at Joutseno | The polysulfide cooking plant delivered by Andritz is the largest in the world. | Pulp and Paper International (PPI) Nº: 5602 Fecha: Febrero 2014 |
| 26. Causticized calcium carbonate from alkali recovery process of non-wood pulping mill as filler of paper | Causticized calcium carbonate (CCC), known as lime mud, is a by-product of green liquor causticizing process. There are many advantages to use this by-product as paper filler. Lime-kiln operation can be shortened or stopped, resulting in the reduction of fuel oil for calcination of calcium carbonate. Furthermore, accumlated impurities in the lime calcium can be removed constantly. Especially, for non-wood materials, this using way can prevent its secondary pollution. From the mill trials in China, the application scope and loading of CCC had been limited by its shortcoming of the lower brightness. In this study, influencing of insoluble matter in green liquor on optical properties of CCC was investigated. The results showed that the insoluble matter in green liquor had the crucial influence on the brightness of CCC, the more content of insoluble matter the lower brightness. When the green liquor was filtered by slow filter paper, the brightness of CCC reaches 91,98% ISO which was approximately close to PCC. The silicon in green liquor existed with colloidal state and had no influence on the brightness. Reduced insoluble matter was beneficial for decreasing the chromatic aberration between CCC and precipitated calcium carbonate (PPC). | IPPTA - The official jounal of the Indian Pulp and Paper Technical Association Nº: 2601 Fecha: Enero 2014 |
| 27. Ozone based ECF bleaching of sulfate pulp from acacia | Acacia farnesiana wild is a species of growing-fast wood used for papermaking. Z(EOP)D bleaching of acacia sulfate pulp after oxygen delignification was researched in this paper, especially focused on effects of different ozone charges on kappa number, viscosity, brightness and HexA content of bleached pulp. In addition, the relationship between ozone charge and kappa drops, viscosity drops and brightness increase of pulp before and after EOP were analyzed, the change of final brightness after Z(EOP)D was measured respectively. Results showed that ozone delignification relax from intensity when ozone charge lie in the range of 4~6kg/odt; ozone charge has no much effects on viscosity drops and brightness increase of pulp before and after EOP, but incoming kappa number is opposite. Otherwise, the finally brightness increases steadily with the increasing zone charge and the HexA content does not have big difference. | IPPTA - The official jounal of the Indian Pulp and Paper Technical Association Nº: 2602 Fecha: Abril 2014 |
| 28. Preparation and characterization of moulded pulp container made by hot compression moulding | Single-use foam packages made of synthetic polymers have been replaced by biodegradable material from renewable resources, leading to ecological benefits. Molded pulp container is one possible alternative packaging for environmentally friendly products. Molded pulp containers in this research were made by the chemical pulp of sugarcane bagasse and binders. The chemical pulp of sugarcane was prepared by soda pulping process. Response surface methodology was employed to evaluate the optimum soda pulping condition which contributed the highest yield with good quality pulp. The optimum condition of the alkaline process was 20% sodium hydroxide cooking at a temperature of 154ºC for 104 minutes. Polyvinyl alcohol (PVOH) and cassava starch paste with 15% solid content were used as the binder of the molded pulp containers. Molded pulp containers with a mixed adhesive of PVOH and starch (1:2) showed superior mechanical performance. The mixtures of alkaline pulp and binders which were conditioned to moisture level about 30% had been formed by the compression molding at 165ºC for 3 minutes. The water resistance of molded pulp containers was improved by the use of paraffin wax and PLA coating. | IPPTA - The official jounal of the Indian Pulp and Paper Technical Association Nº: 2602 Fecha: Abril 2014 |
| 29. Impact of high power ultrasound treatment on fiber morphology and effect of hyper-washing on pulp and paper properties | The pulp suspension is treated with high power ultrasound in order to evaluate the influence of ultrasound to fiber morphology and compared with conventional refining process, Jokro mill refining. The changes in fiber morphology are evaluated using a correlation analysis between the results obtained from automatic optical fiber analyses and selected suspension and paper properties. In doing so, already generated data material is also resorted. The effect of hyper-washing is also evaluated. The influence of high power ultrasound on fiber morphology (length of fibers, fibrillation, curl, wall thickness, and width), pulp properties (drainage resistance, water retention value) and paper properties (thickness, tensile strength, tear growth resistance) are discussed. The fibrillation of fibers and the thickness of paper sheets are seen to be increased with the ultrasound treatment of pulp suspensions. The amount of small fibers are largely reduced after hyper-wash. Thickness also increases with hyper wash. However no significant changes are seen on ther pulp and paper properties. | IPPTA - The official jounal of the Indian Pulp and Paper Technical Association Nº: 2602 Fecha: Abril 2014 |
| 30. Consolidation of fibre-fibre bonds in TMP and CTMP based papers | Sin descripción. | Paper Technology - PITA Nº: 5503 Fecha: Julio 2014 |
| 31. Role of black liquor sulphidity in dust particles formation and preventing measures at recovery boilers | Globally pulp and paer industries are moving to increase paper production and size, capacity of recovery boilers are escalating continuously as the rate of pulp production goes up. Due to the shortage of paper making raw materials the usage of twigs along with bark or whitout bark material for cooking is un-avoidable. It leads to poor pulping of wood species. To meet this all pulp mills are practiced to increase the sulphidity level of white liquor rather than increasing %AA addition. This causes the variation in Na2/S ratio of black liquor and influence the flue gases and fume composition. In this research paper of the role of black liquor sulphidity in dust formation has been analyzed in detailed manner and the preventive measure has been implemented at pulp mill, tertiary air port in recovery boiler at mill level. | IPPTA - The official jounal of the Indian Pulp and Paper Technical Association Nº: 2604 Fecha: Octubre 2014 |
| 32. Concepto óptico de BTG para plantas de blanqueo | La compañía BTG presenta un nuevo enfoque del control en la plantas de blanqueo, que incluye un transmisor en línea para medir la lignina a la fibra y la lignina disuelta, substituyendo al analizador Kapa de muestras. El sistema permite evitar el sobreconsumo de químicos. | El Papel Nº: 184 Fecha: Abril 2015 |
| 33. Depurador de pasta: nueva tecnología PowerwaveTM de AFT | La empresa finlandesa AFT ha puesto a punto un nuevo depurado de pasta, con tecnología PowerwaveTM, que permite ahorrar hasta el 30% de energía. | El Papel Nº: 184 Fecha: Abril 2015 |
| 34. Fábricas de Suecia invierten en el módulo CrillEye de PulpEye | La tecnología CrillEye de la empresa sueca PulpEye permite medir y calcular el rasgado, la tracción, el índice de estallido y la densidad de la pasta. El sistema informa en línea de todas las propiedades de la pasta. | El Papel Nº: 184 Fecha: Abril 2015 |
| 35. Södra: una pulpa aún más fuerte | Los últimos avances en la fábrica de Mönsteras Södra serán bien recibidos por los fabricantes de tisú que emplean celulosa TCF. | El Papel Nº: 184 Fecha: Abril 2015 |
| 36. A plus for production of premium softwood pulp | Reduced environmental load and short ROI make the case for ozone bleaching. | Pulp and Paper International (PPI) Nº: 5706 Fecha: Junio 2015 |
| 37. Identification and advanced oxidation of chloro - organics from bleaching wastewater of pulp and paper mill | This study evaluates the effectiveness of ozonation process for the treatment of pulp and paper mill wastewater from bleaching section. The wastewater was characterized for different chloro-organic compounds i.e. adsorbable organic halides (AOX), chlorophenolics, and chloro resin & fatty acids (cRFA). Six categories of chlorophenolics (chlorophenols (CP), chlorocatechols (CC), chloroguaiacols (CG), chlorosyringol (CS), chlorosyringaldehyde (CSA), and chlorovanilline (CV)) and four cRFA were detected in the bleaching wastewater. For ozonation studies, optimization of process variables including initial pH of wastewater and ozone dosage was done in terms of chemical oxygen demand (COD) and color removal effeciency. Under optimized conditions of pH (9.0) and dosage of ozone (1.3 mg O3/mg COD), the removal efficiency for AOX, chlorophenolics, and cRFA was 73, 89, and 92%, respectively. After ozonation, the biodegradability of wastewater was increased about two times. This process proved to be more effective for the removal of cRFA and highly chlorinated chlorophenolics. | IPPTA - The official jounal of the Indian Pulp and Paper Technical Association Nº: 2702 Fecha: Abril 2015 |
| 38. Simultaneous control of sulfur and non-process elements | A new process concept for removal of potassim, chlorine and sulphur, and simultaneous recovery of sodium was developed. The concept comprises simplified stripping of hydrogen sulphide from green liquor (GLSS), purging of sulphur in elemental form by a liquid redox process, and crystallization of ESP dust together with stripped green liquor. The process allows for simultaneous removal of the mentioned elements with smaller losses of sodium then in earlier ESP dust based processes. The balances of the elements can be controlled independently of each other. The process has been tested in a pilot plant. | O Papel Nº: 7607 Fecha: Julio 2015 |
| 39. Standard bleaching sequences including an ozone stage - Part 1 | Sin descripción. | Paper 360º - TAPPI Nº: 1102 Fecha: Marzo 2016 |
| 40. Standard bleaching sequences including an ozone stage - Part II | After an introduction of ozone bleaching fundamentals in the March/April issue, the authors now share their recommendations on bleaching sequences including an ozone stage. | Paper 360º - TAPPI Nº: 1103 Fecha: Mayo 2016 |
| 41. Combustion behavior of kraft black liquor droplets from hot water pretreated hardwood and softwood chips | This paper describes the combustion behavior of birch and spruce kraft black liquors obtained from and integrated forest biorefinery concept in which a hot water extraction of chips was performed before pulping. This pretreatment, aiming mainly at the recovery of various hemicellulose-derived materials, increased the concentrations of lignin and hydroxy acids in black liquors, compared with those in the reference black liquors without any process modification. On the other hand, the pretreatment decreased the concentrations of volatile acids and other organics (extractives and hemicellulose residues). Because of these characteristic changes, the total burning times (pyrolysis time plus char burning time) of the reference black liquors were somewhat longer than those of black liquors from the modified cooking process. The novel biorefinery-based black liquors also swell more than the conventional ones. This phenomenon was primarily associated with the combined effect of high-molar-mass lignin fragments and hydroxy acids. All of the detected changes in combustion behavior were more intense for birch liquors than for spruces black liquors. | Tappi Journal Nº: 1511 Fecha: Noviembre 2016 |
| 42. Physical handsheet properties of pulp furnished containing attritor-treated fibers | Several articles have been published during the past 30 years on differents methods to produce micro- to nanosize cellulose paraticles from pulp. Unfortunately, a general lack of information exists on the impact of differing manufacturing process methods upon the product properties obtained from these differing methods. Literature data show that wet processing of small-sized cellulosic fibers generates handsheets with approximately equal or higher density and modulus of elasticity than controls for a given amount of added microcellulose. The current work evaluated small particle generation from pulp fibers via dry processing methods and compared the physical properties of dry versus wet processed particles. Dry processing to obtain microcellulose gave considerably lower sheet density and modulus as compared with wet processed microcellulose. The lower modulus can be compensated for by refining base fibers more aggressively to obtain higher density and higher modulus sheets. Dry processing methods for making microcellulose and their impact of final board properties, including modulus and smoothness, will be discussed. | Tappi Journal Nº: 1601 Fecha: Enero 2016 |
| 43. Understanding conductivity and soda loss | For more than 40 years, conductivity has been the inline measurement of choice for inferring black liquor/soda losses from brownstock washing. If properly applied, conductivity can provide a benefit in tacking changes in black liquor filtrate concentration. The implied concentration changes in turn can be used to provide feedback dilution factor or shower flow control on the last stage of a brownstock washing system. A further extrapolation of this application is the correlation (or lack of correlation) of conductivity to soda loss. For each type of conductivity-based application, there are fundamental principles and assumptions that must be understood and managed to achieve the expected outcomes. The fundamentals of conductivity, the application of conductivity to measure black liquor losses during brownstock washing, and laboratory considerations when attempting to correlate inline process conductivity to absolute sodium content are reviewed and investigated. Finally, the operational obejctives and measurement alternatives for employing conductivity measurements are discussed. | Tappi Journal Nº: 1602 Fecha: Febrero 2017 |
| 44. Impact of dissolved lignin in oxygen delignification and chlorine dioxide stages | While carryover of dissolved lignin between stages in the pulp mill fiber line is a well-known problem, it is still typical seen only as a minor disturbance factor or bias in the control of oxygen (O2) delignification and bleaching stages. The present study, however, reveals that it plays a larger role than anticipated, and that it should be properly analyzed in order to correctly control the process stages. Thsi is especially important for the O2 and D0 stages as the lignin content is still high in these positions. The results of the study show that dissolved lignin carried over between stages may have a significant impact on the bleaching chemical consumption and, indirectly, on the pulp quality. Mill investigations have shown very large variations in the dissolved lignin content in the pulp before the oxygen delignification stage and before the D0 stage that have significantly influenced the bleaching chemical demand and, subsequently, the degree of delignification. In order to develop a better understanding of the mechanisms of the dissolved lignin´s reactions, laboratory O2 and D0 experiments with controlled levels of dissolved lignin were conducted. It was anticipated that a better feedforward control could be achieved using an online dissolved lignin measurement, and results from mill trials are presented. Chlorine dioxide laboratory experiments using different levels of carryover (i.e., different dissolved lignin contents) were conducted. It was concluded that the filtrate kappa number provides a relevant measure of the bleach demand due to the dissolved lignin and that, subsequently, the combined fiber and filtrate kappa number provides an appropriate measure for optimum feedforward control of the stages. Mill results support these findings, which show that the chemical consumption is reduced significantly using the total kappa number. The post-D or post-DE kappa number feedback control can most probably be eliminated by using this technology. | Tappi Journal Nº: 1503 Fecha: Marzo 2016 |
| 45. Revised steady-state model for chlorine dioxide brightening that considers extraction washer carryover effects | In an earlier investigation, a generalized model was developed to simulate the first chlorine dioxide (ClO2) brightening stage (D1). That stoichiometric model accurately predicts pulp brightness values for given bleach charges and vice versa for laboratory softwood pulps. The equation parameters are dependent on the kappa number and brightness of the extracted pulp. In this study, the earlier model was refined to include the negative effects of extraction carryover to simulate more realistically a mill´s D1 stage. Extracted pulps that contain washer carryover were found to brighten as if the pulp had a kappa number equal to the sum of the extracted kappa and the kappa value of extraction dissolved solids. If this higher kappa (i.e., apparent or wet kappa) is used in place of the extracted kappa with the D1 model, the equations suitably predicted the bleached brightness for a given bleach charge. The modified expressions were used to quantify the amount of carryover and to calculate carryover bleach consumption for a softwood D0(EOP)D1 fiber line. Teh mill´s washed pulps were found to have carryover levels of 1.4 kappa units, which was consuming 48% of the total D1 bleach charge. Additional analyses revealed that extraction carryover consumes 2.5-4.6 kg ClO2/ton pulp per kappa unit of carryover when bleaching a pulp to 78% to 84% ISO. | Tappi Journal Nº: 1503 Fecha: Marzo 2016 |
| 46. Techno-economic analysis of ECF bleaching and TCF bleaching for a bleached eucalyptus kraft pulp mill | An early stage techno-economic analysis was performed to compare a traditional elemental chlorine free (ECF) sequence (O O D0) (EOP) D1 P) with the proposed totally chlorine free (TCF) sequence (O O A (ZEO)1 (ZEO)2 P)) for a bleached eucalyptus kraft pulp mill. Similar operating costs (ECF - US$465/a.d. metric ton; TCF = US$468/a.d. metric ton) and similar internal rate of return (ECF = 16.5%; TCF = 16.4%) were obtained. Although the TCF case has lower revenue with surplus steam, savings with chemicals (e.g., sodium chlorate and methanol)pays for the higher consumption of electricity. Porbabilistic analyses were also performed to evaluate the financial risks associated with the variability of chemical costs and electricity price. Probabilistic analyses have shown that the price volatility of sodium hydroxide and sodium chlorate have a significant impact on the probability distribution of internal rate of return (IRR). Despite its promising potential, the new TCF sequence has only been tested in laboratory scale and further scaleup has to be performed to validate the technology. However, the techno-economic economic analysis shows that the proposed TCF technology has promising potential for future industrial application. | Tappi Journal Nº: 1610 Fecha: Octubre 2017 |
| 47. Eurpac Rouen mejora el funcionamiento de su bloque de pulpeo | La fábrica de papel de Europac en Rouen, en colaboración con Kadant, puso en marcha un proyecto dirigido a conseguir un funcionamiento estable y eficiente del pulper y del bloque de depuración grosera. Gracias a los equipos implantados, se lograron los objetivos de reducción de consumo de energía, reducción de costes de paro y mantenimiento, y mejora de la calidad de la pasta. | El Papel Nº: 199 Fecha: Noviembre 2017 |
| 48. Medición de cargas para evitar los problemas de calidad del producto terminado y ahorrar recursos | Una producción de papel y cartón que no tenga un óptimo control en la sección húmeda del proceso puede tener una influencia decisiva en el producto terminado y en la eficiencia en todo el proceso. Por lo tanto, la optimización de la dosificación de químicos es esencial. | El Papel Nº: 199 Fecha: Noviembre 2017 |
| 49. Arctic Paper Munedals prueba el depurador de protección de GL&V | El grupo Arctic Paper, especializado en la fabricación de papeles gráficos de alta calidad, ha optado por equipar su fábrica Munkedals con depuradores de protección de GL&V para separar alambres procedentes de las balas de celulosa en las líneas de pasta de sus dos máquinas de papel. Los resultados obtenidos son muy satisfactorios. | El Papel Nº: 199 Fecha: Noviembre 2017 |
| 50. TheWall: alta eficiencia en el tratamiento de las fibras con un menor consumo energético | Sin descripción. | El Papel Nº: 199 Fecha: Noviembre 2017 |
| 51. Review of industrial ozone bleaching practices | Sin descripción. | Paper 360º - TAPPI Nº: 1304 Fecha: Julio 2018 |
| 52. Qué nos dicen las fibras en el refinado | Los analizadores de fibra modernos, que miden diversas propiedades con una cámara de alta resolución en línea o en laboratorio, permiten obtener un conocimiento profundo de la morfología de las fibras en la etapa del refinado. Gracias a este conocimiento detallado, se pueden conseguir ahorros importantes en la energía de refinado y los costes de suministro. Valmet ha realizado un informe sobre la realción entre la morfología de las fibras y las propiedades de la pasta, a partir de estudios de refinado llevados a cabo en el Centro de Tecnología de Valmet en Finlandia. | El Papel Nº: 205 Fecha: Noviembre 2018 |
| 53. Arctic Paper escoge la soluciones de GLV para su preparación de pasta | GLV ofrece una solución económica y de fácil manejo para eliminar los contaminantes gruesos en la preparación de pasta, en particular los alambres que generalmente vienen en las balas de pasta. Se trata de las rejas de protección DualXcluderR. La empresa sueca Arctic Paper, después de adquirir estos dispositivos para equipar varias de sus fábricas de papel, nos cuenta los beneficios que puede aportar. | El Papel Nº: 205 Fecha: Noviembre 2018 |
| 54. Sistema de secado de pulpa EvoDry | Andritz ha desarrollado un innovador sistema de secado de pasta EvoDryTM, pensado para potenciar el rendimiento de la fabricación de pasta de celulosa. En el diseño del sistema de secado de pulpa, Andritz ha tenido en cuenta aspectos relacionados con la salud, la seguridad y el medioambiente. Además, se ha cuidado mucho la reducción de los costes de mantenimiento del equipo. | El Papel Nº: 211 Fecha: Noviembre 2019 |
| 55. ReLife: economía circular llevada al extremo | La fábrica de pasta y papel Cartiera di Bosco Marengo se unió al grupo Benfante - su proveedor de papel recuperado para la fabricación de cartón para tubos - para crear el grupo ReLife con el fin de buscar juntos maneras de transformar los contaminantes de plástico en una materia prima comercializable. Kadant ha participado en el proyecto con un innovador sistema desarrollado en estrecha colaboración con la fábrica. Con el nuevo sistema de despulpado, el consumo específico de energía se ha reducido en un 30%. | El Papel Nº: 211 Fecha: Noviembre 2019 |
| 242. Sistemas para el control del perfil transversal de gramaje CD | La empresa española Toniolo ha desarrollado un método de control de perfil transversal de gramaje en la caja de entrada, basado en la utilización de válvulas dosificadores de agua, controladas automáticamente por un programa de gestión de perfil. | El Papel Nº: 199 Fecha: Noviembre 2017 |